Cloud computing refers to the provision of computing services—servers, storage, databases, networks, software, etc.—over the Internet (the "cloud") rather than having their own computing infrastructure or data centers to provide additional high-speed resources, convenience, and increased economies of scale. You can rent any access from applications to storage from AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform, and other cloud service providers.

The main features of cloud computing include:

1. Self-Service on Demand: Users can provision and manage computing resources, such as server instances or storage, as needed without the need for human intervention from service provider's presence.

2. Broad network access: Cloud services are accessible from devices including laptops, smartphones and tablets via the Internet.

3. Poolations: Computing resources are pooled to serve a large number of users, where physical and virtual resources are dynamically allocated and reallocated according to demand.

4. Rapid elasticity: Resources can be increased or decreased quickly to accommodate changes in business, allowing flexibility and cost efficiency.

5. Measured Service: Cloud computing resources are metered, and users typically pay only for the resources they use (e.g., storage, processing time), which can be pay-as- you-go or subscription basis.

Cloud computing offers many advantages, e.g. -

• Cost Savings: Organizations can save on overhead costs and ongoing maintenance costs.

• Scalability: Resources can be scaled up or down quickly to handle fluctuating workloads.

• Flexibility: Users have access to multiple services

• Reliability: Cloud service providers often offer robust infrastructure and redundancy to ensure high availability and reliability.

• Security: Cloud providers invest heavily in security measures, often offering better security than many organizations can achieve on their own.

Overall, cloud computing has revolutionized how businesses and individuals access and use computing resources, enabling innovation, agility, and cost savings across various industries.

The Evolution of Cloud Computing: A New Era of IT

The rise of cloud computing has fundamentally transformed the way businesses and individuals access, manage, and utilize computing resources.

• On-Demand Delivery: Cloud computing provides instant access to computing resources like servers and storage over the internet, eliminating the need for upfront investment in physical hardware.

• Pay-as-You-Go: Users pay only for the resources they use, enabling cost efficiency and scalability without long-term commitments.

• Choose Your Preference of Machine: Cloud platforms offer a variety of virtual machine types and configurations to match specific computing needs, ensuring optimal performance and cost management.

• Instant: Resources can be provisioned and scaled up or down within minutes, enabling rapid deployment and flexibility for changing workloads.

• Go Global: Cloud providers have data centers worldwide, allowing businesses to deploy applications closer to their users for improved performance and global reach.

• One Click: Cloud services simplify complex tasks like deploying applications or setting up databases with intuitive interfaces or APIs, reducing the need for specialized expertise and streamlining operations.

Everyday Cloud Services You Might Already Use

1. Gmail

2. Hotstar

3. Netflix

4. Dropbox

Understanding the Different Types of Cloud: Public, Private, and Hybrid

1. Public Cloud :- That is available for everyone.

   e.g:- AWS, AZURE, GCP

2. Private Cloud :- Not exposed to everyone,

   Complete control in ur hand,

   Security specific

3. Hybrid Cloud :- Public + Private,

   Sensitive info in private

Cloud Computing Models Explained: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, including servers, storage, and networking, allowing users to build and manage their own IT infrastructure.

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): Offers a platform with tools and services for application development, testing, and deployment without the need to manage underlying infrastructure, making development faster and more efficient.

3. Software as a Service (SaaS): Delivers software applications over the internet on a subscription basis, allowing users to access and use applications without installation or management, typically accessed through a web browser.

What is AWS?

AWS: The Leading Cloud Computing Platform

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a comprehensive and widely adopted cloud computing platform provided by Amazon. It offers a broad set of global cloud-based products including computing power, storage, databases, analytics, networking, machine learning, and IoT (Internet of Things) tools, among others. AWS allows businesses to access these services on a pay-as-you-go basis, enabling them to scale and grow without the need for substantial upfront investment in infrastructure.

Key features of AWS include:

1. Compute Services: Such as Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) for scalable virtual servers, and AWS Lambda for serverless computing.

2. Storage: With options like Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) for scalable object storage, and Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store) for block storage volumes.

3. Databases: Including Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service) for managed relational databases, and Amazon DynamoDB for NoSQL databases.

4. Networking: Tools like Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) for isolated cloud resources, and AWS Direct Connect for dedicated network connections.

5. Machine Learning and AI: Services like Amazon SageMaker for building, training, and deploying machine learning models, and Amazon Rekognition for image and video analysis.

6. Analytics: With Amazon Redshift for data warehousing, and Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce) for processing big data.

7. IoT: Including AWS IoT Core for connecting IoT devices to the cloud, and AWS IoT Greengrass for extending AWS to edge devices.

AWS is known for its reliability, scalability, and security, making it a preferred choice for businesses of all sizes—from startups to enterprises—looking to leverage the power of cloud computing to innovate and grow their operations.

AWS Key Features: A Comprehensive Overview

AWS Compute Services: Powering Your Applications

• EC2

  Resource Identifiers – Regional

  Each resource identifier, such as an AMI ID, instance ID, EBS volume ID, or EBS snapshot ID, is tied to its region and can be used only in the region where you created the resource.

• Instances – Availability Zone

  An instance is tied to the Availability Zones in which you launched it. However, note that its instance ID is tied to the region.

• EBS Volumes – Availability Zone

  Amazon EBS volume is tied to its Availability Zone and can be attached only to instances in the same Availability Zone.

• EBS Snapshot – Regional

  An EBS snapshot is tied to its region and can only be used to create volumes in the same region and has to be copied from one region to another if needed.

• AMIs – Regional

  AMI provides templates to launch EC2 instances

  AMI is tied to the Region where its files are located with Amazon S3. For using AMI in different regions, the AMI can be copied to other regions

• Auto Scaling – Regional

  Auto Scaling spans across multiple Availability Zones within the same region but cannot span across regions

• Cluster Placement Groups – Availability Zone

  Cluster Placement groups can span across Instances within the same Availability Zones

• ECS – Regional

• ECR – Regional

  Images can be pushed/pulled within the same AWS Region.

  Images can also be pulled between Regions or out to the internet with additional latency and data transfer costs

AWS Networking Services: Connecting Your Cloud Resources

• Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) – Regional

  VPCs are created within a region

• Subnet – Availability Zone

  A subnet can span only a single Availability Zone

• Security groups – Regional

  A security group is tied to a region and can be assigned only to instances in the same region.

• VPC endpoints – Regional

  VPC Gateway & Interface Endpoints cannot be created between a VPC and an AWS service in a different region.

• VPC Peering - Regional

  VPC Peering can be performed across VPC in the same account of different AWS accounts. VPC Peering can now span inter-region

• Elastic IP Address – Regional

  Elastic IP addresses created within the region can be assigned to instances within the region only.

• Elastic Network Interface – Availability Zone

• Route 53 – Global

  Route53 services are offered at AWS edge locations and are global

• CloudFront – Global

  CloudFront is the global content delivery network (CDN) services are offered at AWS edge locations

• ELB, ALB, NLB, GWLB – Regional

  Elastic Load Balancer distributes traffic across instances in multiple Availability Zones in the same region

  Use Route 53 to route traffic to load balancers across regions.

• Direct Connect Gateway – Global

  Is a globally available resource that can be created in any Region and accessed from all other Regions.

• Transit Gateway – Regional

  is a Regional resource and can connect VPCs within the same AWS Region.

  Transit Gateway Peering can be used to attach TGWs across regions.

• AWS Global Accelerator – Global

  Is a global service that supports endpoints in multiple AWS Regions.

AWS Storage Services: Secure and Scalable Solutions

• S3 – Global but Data is Regional

  S3 buckets are created within the selected region

  Objects stored are replicated across Availability Zones to provide high durability but are not cross-region replicated unless done explicitly.

  S3 cross-region replication can be used to replicate data across regions.

• DynamoDB – Regional

  All data objects are stored within the same region and replicated across multiple Availability Zones in the same region

  Data objects can be explicitly replicated across regions using cross-region replication

• DynamoDB global Tables – Across Regions

  Is a new multi-master, cross-region replication capability of DynamoDB to support data access locality and regional fault tolerance for database workloads

• Storage Gateways – Regional

  AWS Storage Gateway stores volume, snapshot, and tape data in the AWS region in which the gateway is activated